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What is it?
A caesarean delivery, also called a c-section, is a surgical procedure in which the baby is removed from the womb through an incision in the abdomen and uterus. It is considered major surgery. In some cases, a caesarean is planned in advance, but sometimes it is needed to respond to a complication during delivery.

When does the doctor decide if I need a c-section?
In some cases, a c-section is planned in advance, due to certain conditions that exist in the mother. These conditions include: having previous invasive uterine surgery, carrying multiple babies, placenta previa (when the placenta is so low that it covers the cervix), HIV positive, a very large baby, a breech baby, or if the baby has a known condition that would make vaginal delivery risky.

The doctor may decide to do an emergency c-section if any of these conditions exist: the cervix stops dilating and the baby has moved into the birth canal, a prolapsed umbilical cord (when the umbilical cord slips through the cervix), placental abruption (when the placenta starts to separate from the uterine wall), an outbreak of genital herpes at the time of delivery, or if the baby’s heart rate causes concern.

What kind of anesthesia is used?
Only in rare cases is a general anesthesia used. Typically a spinal block, called an epidural, is administered. This numbs the lower body, but leaves you alert for the delivery. Your doctor will decide what is best for your particular situation.

How long will it take before I recover?

Most moms spend 3-4 days in the hospital after a c-section. You can expect pain and swelling for up to a week, and can continue to feel tender for several weeks. Your doctor will prescribe something for the pain, gradually transitioning to over-the-counter pain relievers. Vaginal bleeding and discharge may last up to six weeks. In approximately 6-8 weeks you can resume moderate exercise. Speak with your doctor about what is right for you.

How can I find out more?
Learn more about what happens before, during, and after a c-section at: BabyCenter (Giving birth by cesarean)
BabyCenter (Recovering from a cesarean delivery)
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